Obesity an Escalating Problem Essay -- Health, Diseases

Recent research done by The National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) showed that more than 64% of the US adult population is overweight (BMI >25 and 30) (Obesity, 2008). This result has got people afraid of what would happen in the future if people don’t change their habits. An excessive storage of fat due to lack of physical activity and high calorie intake that often leads to other diseases is known as obesity. Obesity is an escalating problem, because people consume more calories and aren’t physically active; this could result in health problems, yet people can resolve this issue by consuming a healthy diet and regularly exercising, or consulting a doctor for medication or surgery if other solutions weren’t effective. People are consuming too many calories and aren’t physically active, because of changed lifestyles and technology advancement, in the last 20 years. Both adults and children pass a lot of time watching the television, playing video games and researching or chatting on the computer. These lifestyle changes encourage sedentary behavior. The U.S. Center for Disease Control and Prevention stated that in their study to calculate obesity across the nation. In 2010 â€Å"no state had a prevalence of obesity less than 20%† compared to a maximum of 15% to 19% in 15 to 20 states in 1994 (CDC, 2011). Physical inactivity and high calorie intake from processed food has made big changes to our health. Now days people don’t even cycle or walk to the grocery store, or at least walk to the nearest bus station to go to school or work. Every year people’s physical inactivity increases while our eating habit become worse. Children are also becoming obese at a very... ...artiatric surgery and gastric bypass are most effective. People can’t lose enough weight by just doing the surgery; they need to continue exercising a dieting to reach a healthy weight in one to two years. Side effects include nausea and nutrient deficiencies. Women can also have problems during pregnancy due to lack to nutrients, hence need to be more careful. Obesity can become easy to overcome if people are patient have the will power to keep going and lose weight to become healthy for themselves and the next generation. Overcoming obesity can take a lot of time depending upon a person ideal weight compared to their current weight. If people use these small tips and work their way to healthy lifestyle, the next generation will be healthier and less likely to become obese. All people need to do is work hard and give it time to reach their preferred body weight.

Lesson learned

There comes a time in everyone's life when bad things happen that we wish had never occurred. This experience, that result in being punished or even disciplined by our parents, guardian, police or even by a teachers, often leads us to learn an Important life lessons. Soon, we realize that we did something we know we should not have done. Growing up, I was always the kid who had to be punished; not because I was bad, but by doing and saying stupid things, and by keeping the wrong set of friend, who often got me Into trouble.My punishments Include, being grounded from my phone, television ,and everything else that I would consider fun. When I would get into trouble, often I was deadlines by my parent, but getting deadlines by Mrs.. White – who was my fifth grade teacher at All Mercy middle school- was very different and scary. I was slating In Mrs. White's math class, and she began to pass out our Math test scores. I was, and still, am Inefficient In my math skill. As she passed the tests back, my anxious eyes searched the bright colored room, was expecting the worst. E colorful posters were not enough to distract me from my inevitable bad grade, and the blue walls were hardly calming. The garden I received was very low. A depressing, bold looking in bright red ink, was burned at the top of the paper close to where my name was written. I got mad at myself,and I let out an exasperated sigh that Just happen to include the â€Å"F -word† . Everybody in the class, including Mrs.. White, turned toward me with looks of shock and astonishment. Mrs.. White then shouted my name and said; â€Å"Tamari, get in my office owe l† I was in shock at myself that I had lousily sighed this obscenity.I was so scare to go to Mrs.. White's office. In a angry tone of voice, she shouted again, â€Å"Tamari, in my office now! † I was so terrified to face her, because I and never heard Mrs.. White sound so angry before. She shouted one last time, â€Å"Tamari, in my office, right now! † I walked slowly, slower than a turtle, into her office. I could feel the entire class staring at me as I walked as slow as possible. Finally, when I reached Mrs.. White's office, she had me sit down in front of her desk. She said, † You know saying the F word was unacceptable. I nodded my head. That day after lunch, Mrs.. White had me apologize in front of the entire class for using foul language, and she had me sit In the naughty corner of the class by myself for four days. I was happy that Ms. While did not called my parents because I knew my punishment would have been much worse. Luckily, my parents never actually found out that I used the F word at school. That day I clearly learned that there are consequent for my actions, and I have to be more careful with the things I say.Word can get you Into trouble, but not Just In the classroom, at work, and their power to hurt others . Because word are very power, you can hurt someone feeling by sa ying the wrong thing. Be aware of using polite words also show how matured and respectful a person can be. Lesson learned By tinniest 16 important life lessons. Soon, we realize that we did something we know we should set of friend, who often got me into trouble. My punishments include, being When I would get into trouble, often I was disciplined by my parent, but getting disciplined by Mrs..White – who was my fifth grade teacher at All Mercy middle school- was very different and scary. I was sitting in Mrs. White's math class, and she began to pass out our Math test scores. I was, and still, am inefficient in my math room, I was expecting the worst. The colorful posters were not enough to distract me received was very low. A depressing, bold looking â€Å"F†, in bright red ink, was burned at astonishment. Mrs.. White then shouted my name and said; â€Å"Tamari, get in my office now I was in shock at myself that I had lousily sighed this obscenity.I was so â€Å"Tama ri, in my office now! † I was so terrified to face her, because I and never heard White's office, she had me sit down in front of her desk. She said, † You know saying sit in the naughty corner of the class by myself for four days. I was happy that Ms. White did not called my parents because I knew my punishment would have been have to be more careful with the things I say. Word can get you into trouble, but not just in the classroom, at work, and their power to hurt others . Because word are very Lesson learned There comes a time in everyone's life when bad things happen that we wish had never occurred. This experience, that result in being punished or even disciplined by our parents, guardian, police or even by a teachers, often leads us to learn an Important life lessons. Soon, we realize that we did something we know we should not have done. Growing up, I was always the kid who had to be punished; not because I was bad, but by doing and saying stupid things, and by keeping the wrong set of friend, who often got me Into trouble.My punishments Include, being grounded from my phone, television ,and everything else that I would consider fun. When I would get into trouble, often I was deadlines by my parent, but getting deadlines by Mrs.. White – who was my fifth grade teacher at All Mercy middle school- was very different and scary. I was slating In Mrs. White's math class, and she began to pass out our Math test scores. I was, and still, am Inefficient In my math skill. As she passed the tests back, my anxious eyes searched the bright colored room, was expecting the worst. E colorful posters were not enough to distract me from my inevitable bad grade, and the blue walls were hardly calming. The garden I received was very low. A depressing, bold looking in bright red ink, was burned at the top of the paper close to where my name was written. I got mad at myself,and I let out an exasperated sigh that Just happen to include the â€Å"F -word† . Everybody in the class, including Mrs.. White, turned toward me with looks of shock and astonishment. Mrs.. White then shouted my name and said; â€Å"Tamari, get in my office owe l† I was in shock at myself that I had lousily sighed this obscenity.I was so scare to go to Mrs.. White's office. In a angry tone of voice, she shouted again, â€Å"Tamari, in my office now! † I was so terrified to face her, because I and never heard Mrs.. White sound so angry before. She shouted one last time, â€Å"Tamari, in my office, right now! † I walked slowly, slower than a turtle, into her office. I could feel the entire class staring at me as I walked as slow as possible. Finally, when I reached Mrs.. White's office, she had me sit down in front of her desk. She said, † You know saying the F word was unacceptable. I nodded my head. That day after lunch, Mrs.. White had me apologize in front of the entire class for using foul language, and she had me sit In the naughty corner of the class by myself for four days. I was happy that Ms. While did not called my parents because I knew my punishment would have been much worse. Luckily, my parents never actually found out that I used the F word at school. That day I clearly learned that there are consequent for my actions, and I have to be more careful with the things I say.Word can get you Into trouble, but not Just In the classroom, at work, and their power to hurt others . Because word are very power, you can hurt someone feeling by sa ying the wrong thing. Be aware of using polite words also show how matured and respectful a person can be. Lesson learned By tinniest 16 important life lessons. Soon, we realize that we did something we know we should set of friend, who often got me into trouble. My punishments include, being When I would get into trouble, often I was disciplined by my parent, but getting disciplined by Mrs..White – who was my fifth grade teacher at All Mercy middle school- was very different and scary. I was sitting in Mrs. White's math class, and she began to pass out our Math test scores. I was, and still, am inefficient in my math room, I was expecting the worst. The colorful posters were not enough to distract me received was very low. A depressing, bold looking â€Å"F†, in bright red ink, was burned at astonishment. Mrs.. White then shouted my name and said; â€Å"Tamari, get in my office now I was in shock at myself that I had lousily sighed this obscenity.I was so â€Å"Tama ri, in my office now! † I was so terrified to face her, because I and never heard White's office, she had me sit down in front of her desk. She said, † You know saying sit in the naughty corner of the class by myself for four days. I was happy that Ms. White did not called my parents because I knew my punishment would have been have to be more careful with the things I say. Word can get you into trouble, but not just in the classroom, at work, and their power to hurt others . Because word are very

Language Teaching and Translation

LANGUAGE TEACHING AND TRANSLATION The use of translation as an inherent part of FLT was prevalent until early in the present century. The Grammar-Translation method, dominant during the first half of the century, stressed translation and grammatical analysis, and put greater emphasis on accuracy than on fluency, preferring academic erudition to communicative competence (Titone& Danesi 1985).At the turn of the century, the Grammar-Translation method gradually gave way to the Direct Method (more characteristic of ELT in Europe than in America (Rivers 1991)), which advocated maximum exposure to the target language, with no recourse either to L1 or to translation. During this period, â€Å"Translation used to be regarded as a necessary evil† (Levenston 1985a). The Direct Method made its way very prominently into the field of ELT in the east during the British Mandate (Bamberger 1958).The American behaviorist school (Skinner 1938; Watson 1913) of language teaching ushered in the Au dio-lingual Method, which concentrated on patterns and structure with an emphasis on drill and technique. The product, not the process, was important; there was to be minimal explanation of rules and no recourse to translation (Larsen-Free-man 1962). The reaction to the audio-lingual method, grounded in the Chomskian Revolution, was the Communicative Approach (Ministry of Education 1988; Savignon 1987).Communicative competence â€Å"has come to be used in language teaching contexts to refer to the ability to negotiate meaning, to successfully combine a knowledge of linguistic and sociolinguistic rules in communicative interactions†(Savignon 1987: 16). At the same time, the advance of cognitive psychology, which was also influenced by the Chomskian revolution, made an impact on ELT (Titone & Danesi 1985). The findings of cognitive psychology indicated that â€Å"deductive, or rule-based, strategies play a prominent role in language learning.Deductive teaching methods are ther efore based on the learning principles of cognitive psychology and its linguistic counterpart, transformationalism, and are generally known as cognitive-code procedures† (Titone & Danesi 1985: 110). â€Å"The role of the teacher is to recognize the importance of mental activity in learning† (Chastain 1971:92). Teachers of FLT were now called upon to address the problems of consciousness raising. (Bialystok 1986, 1988; Carrel 1989; Castillo 1991; Cohen 1986; Gerloff 1986; Hosenfeld 1978; Kern 1989; Rivers 1991; Rubin 1975; Templeton 1989; Thomas 1988; Vieira 1991; Wenden & Rubin 1987).It came to be realized that the study of translation skills might have value as a means of raising the learner's linguistic awareness with regard to his or her native as well as to the foreign language (Boersch 1986; Carton 1966, cited by Rubin 1986; Faerch ; Kasper 1986; Hosenfeld 1978; Lehmann 1986; Levenston 1985b; Loerscher 1986; Ministry of Education 1990; Naiman 1978, quoted by Levens ton 1985a; Rosenblith, stated in Ackerman 1992; Sharwood Smith 1981; Titford 1983).The contrastive analysis of the two languages, L1 and L2, which accompanies the translation process, is presumed to heighten the learner's metalinguistic awareness of both languages and to facilitate their perception as abstract language systems.

Great Tools to Check for Plagiarism and Why You Should Be Using Them

Great Tools to Check for Plagiarism and Why You Should Be Using Them The simple definition of plagiarism that you likely learned in grade school is the act of using another persons words or ideas without giving credit to that person. However, the evolving nature of plagiarism in a digital age isnt quite so simple, and involves a blurry assortment of laws that have even blurrier impact.The rise of popularity of social media and blogging is staggering. While these publication tools make the words and ideas of others easily accessible- it likewise makes them easily copied. With content marketers, researchers, and a lot of amateur aficionados of various topics (whether informed or not) adding to that content daily, the result is a sea of ideas and quotes that may or may not be original. Naturally, with the exponential growth of words and ideas floating around the Internet, the risk of plagiarism and copied content also rises. However, the surprising fact is that while much of it is intentional and black hat search engine optimization (SEO) practices, some examples of plagiarism are unintentional.Heres how it happensConsider this scenario. Youre a small business owner, youve consulted with online marketing experts, and youve learned that the most aggressive way to market is to make your website more visible through informative, useful content. So your next step is to hire someone to write online content for you in the hopes that the content will draw traffic to your business website and help build your online reputation or brand identity.After requesting several bids from an online, global community of freelance writers, you pick the one that is easiest on your budget and offers more bang for the buck. And thats when your troubles begin.It turns out that the content you believed to be original (and so you published it!) was partially plagiarized, and therefore protected under intellectual property and copyright laws. Not only do cease and desist notices demand that you take down the content immediately- they also inform you of legal fees or lawsuits that will occur because the freelancer you paid copied words and ideas from an original source without properly giving credit.Search engine resultsAs if legal troubles and wasted money werent enough to convince you to use a different strategy to help avoid the issue in the first place, then comes the blow to your original goal of giving your website a professional and visible place on the Web.According to Moz, one of the most trusted online SEO resources used by professional marketers and SEO experts, duplicate content will immediately have a negative effect on your sites search engine rankings and web traffic. Why? Popular search engines like Google consistently change their algorithms to determine a websites worthiness to be near the top of the search engine results. To do this, the search engine bots check various qualities of the site, including (among other factors) the originality of the websites content.If there is duplicate content, your site becomes less re levant in a search engine query, or even blacklisted by the search engine because of copyright infringement policies or suspected black hat practices. Basically, all the work youve put into making it more visible and easy to find on the Web will have been for nothing.Intentional plagiarism vs. unintentional plagiarismConsider the above scenarios and then consider this: even though plagiarism frequently is unintentional, the results and consequences are the same. With all the words on the Web, and vast amounts of additional text content being published daily, the chances of unintentional plagiarism increase exponentially.You may wonder how it is possible to unintentionally plagiarize someone elses work, but its easier than you might think. Take, for instance, the writer who fails to include quotation marks to denote a direct quote; or the writer who has read several articles on a topic and accidentally uses phrasing that he or she has read before, but doesnt consciously realize it is someone elses direct quote.Of course, there are common instances of intentional plagiarism, as well, especially if a writer is looking to save time and effort in the process of delivering a project. Some examples of intentional plagiarism include:Using a pre-written paper downloaded from the Internet and claiming it to be ones own.Using exact words from anothers essay or work, without giving credit to the author by using quotes or an in-text citation. This also includes cutting and pasting partial or whole phrases from another source.Submitting work that has been written by someone else and claiming it as your own.Borrowing phrasing or ideas from anothers work without giving credit to them.Fabricating a sourceOnline resources to check for plagiarismSo, with all the ways content can be easily plagiarized- both intentionally and unintentionally- how can you guard against low search engine rankings, wasted effort, a loss of credibility, and potential lawsuits over intellectual propert y?The answer is easy- and in many cases, free.CopyscapeThis free plagiarism checker allows you to check the originality of content that has already been published online, and is one of the most trusted duplicate content checkers used by individuals, academic institutions and businesses worldwide. The website is easy to navigate and has simple instructions, but offers limited free scans in the hopes that youll sign up for their premium service.Copyscapes premium service offers much broader options. For example, you can copy and paste text that hasnt been published online yet to check for originality before you publish it. You can also perform unlimited scans to check for plagiarism. As another add-on, the websites Copysentry service will perform daily or weekly scans to determine if anyone on the web is using your original content as their own.If youre more audio-visually inclined, they also provide this handy instructional video on how to use their services.Small SEO ToolsAdvertisin g itself as one of the biggest free SEO tools providers, this site offers a free plagiarism checker, along with several other useful SEO tools. A user can copy and paste any group of words (1,000 words or less), or upload a file, and the website will crawl the Internet to detect any unoriginal content that can be found elsewhere on the Web.After performing the search, youll see results below it. Any phrases that are already found on the web will be highlighted, and the website will provide links to other websites where the copied content is published.One great plus to this site is that it allows you to scan documents, copied text, or websites without registering with an email address.CopyleaksThis cloud-based plagiarism software will scan online content for plagiarism, but like Copyscape, is limited in its free services. Also, registration with an email address is required before any of its services (including the free ones) are used.As an add-on plagiarism checker tool, Copyleaks a lso allows site visitors to compare content side by side to know what has been changed, paraphrased or copied between them. A similarity rate is provided, and the best part is that you can copy and paste text, upload text files, or input a websites URL to start the comparison. Of course, Copyleaks intent is to convince you to buy service plans, which range from academic to business-based focus.

Management Change and Innovation

Management Change and Innovation Key issues in the case study There are a number of key issues that arise from the case of Nestle. One of the major issues that come up is the impact of mergers and acquisitions for large multinationals.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Management Change and Innovation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As a result of its growth Nestle chose to acquire more companies in order to make an impact in its global expansion especially in foreign markets. It struck big financial deals with companies like L’Oreal and Alcon Laboratories Inc and saw acquisition of the two companies. However, not all these big deals go well and in the case of Nestlà ©, L’Oreal was largely in debt and to some extent could have contributed to its financial woes. Another issue is the diversification of the market both in terms of products and market presence. These are seen as key factors in enhancing global expansion as well as pro fits. Nestle aimed at improving its finances through diversification as well as strategic acquisitions. It therefore made its presence in the U.S market through Alcon Laboratories Inc. It also diversified its products to include cosmetics through L’Oreal and pharmaceutical and ophthalmic products I addition to the original dairy products. This diversification could work for or against the company as it requires more resources on the part of the management. Organizational change is yet another key issue observed in this case. Nestle went through radical changes between the second world war to 1990’s all through to date.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More These changes have come in many faces, for example in the outlook of the companies before 1980 and change in the management of the organization as well as the continuous restructuring. More issues on organizational change will be brought up in the topics discussed below. Importance of innovation in regard to organizational change is also a key issue. Innovation in terms of technology as well as new markets cannot be overlooked. For long-term continuance of the organization innovation should be consistent with the firm’s objective. New technology and new markets should not be exclusively left be the centre stage of organizational change and growth. Changes in Nestle Nestle went through both the first-order and the second-order changes. First order change is the continuous and incremental change which may call for modifications in processes, structures or even systems; however, does not go into changing the basic strategy, core values of the organization and corporate identity. It is basically meant to sustain organizational order and continuity. Second-order change on the other hand is drastic, transformational and with far reaching implications on the core of the organiz ation. It is aimed at changing the nature of the organization and not developing it. Nestle went through the second-order change in that it carried out activities that had an effect on the nature and strategy of the organization. Although the changes may not have been aimed at changing the nature of the organization entirely, it had far reaching implications. For example; a change in the strategy of global expansion and increase in financial gains saw nestle sail through several acquisitions.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Management Change and Innovation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These acquisitions also meant that nestle was no longer an organization that was based on dairy products. Acquisition of Alcon Laboratories Inc and the cosmetic producers L’Oreal made a move to include cosmetics, pharmaceutical and ophthalmic products as part of nestle. Acquisition as a strategy of growth can also be co nsidered as another example of second-order change. These changes effected before 1980 had far-reaching effects on Nestle and that is why they are considered as second-order change. Diversification or investment of Nestle into developing markets is another example of second-order change. Nestle diversified into developing markets not only to continue the organization but majorly increase the profits as well a change to include the organization into a cosmetic producer and supplier. This could also be traced back to when Nestle changed its strategy and started acquiring subsidiaries in foreign markets. Traditionally, Nestle used sales agents in countries that were outside its home market, but it later changed into having their presence in those foreign markets by acquiring some existing factories. Another example of second-order change evidenced in nestle is the transfer of several executive offices offshore to the U.S. this was instigated by the feeling of isolation in home offices, Switzerland and thus calling for the transfer. This move was aimed at increasing the efficiency of Nestle both in productivity and financial efficiency. The purchase of carnation in 1984 is also an example of second-order change after a number of failed acquisitions that left Nestle with many non-profitable and nonstrategic businesses. First-order change for Nestle is evidenced basically in the today’s Nestle in the period after 1990s. However, even before then Nestle sold most of its nonperforming and nonstrategic businesses.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This was basically meant to keep the organization going forth despite the losses. Under the management of Brabeck-Letmathe is seen to be leaning more on the first-order change rather than second-order. This could be due to the past failures as a result of aggressive acquisition and needed for expansion. When the CEO insists on ensuring the longevity of the organization without necessarily dwelling on short-term profits then this is first order. The change according to him is also meant to be gradual and slow is evidence that nestle is going into first-order change. As a result, it has developed approaches like corporate growth and a â€Å"corporate culture† that will ensure that longevity and continuity. Incremental approach to change Incremental approach to change is arguably the most effective method of change. Brabeck-Letmathe has to some extend used incremental approach in implementing change. One of the ingredients used is identifying the strengths of the organization an d trying to come up with ways to improve. This does not only dwell in strengths but also in weaknesses, opportunities and threats and trying to work on them. Incremental approach to change is also focused and conscious. It ensures a slow injection of change and at the same time trying to maintain internal balancing. A focus on the long term goals of the organization without laying much effort on the short-term profit motives is one of the factors key to incremental approach to change. This ensures the continuity of the business without involving radical measures that could be more destructiveness to the organization. Brabeck-Letmathe has used two vital tools that steer this type of change. These are entrenching a corporate culture and mechanisms for corporate growth. This approach ensures that Nestle establishes strengths that are not easily swayed. This is made much better by the fact that the managers have been incorporated into that corporate culture. However, there are some aspe cts of Brabeck-Letmathe approach that do not concur with incremental approach to change. For instance the complete wipe out of the executives was too radical a move. However important it may be to have managers who are well entrenched in corporate culture, we cannot ignore the fact that there is a need to listen to people or employees before creating an organizational change. In addition, we cannot ignore the role of technology in incremental corporate approach. Brabeck-Letmathe appears reluctant in embracing technology which is instrumental to growth. Though he is right on not making it the central strategic pivot point of growth his reservations are uncalled for. Brabeck-Lameck does not value social preferencing as a key aspect of incremental approach. This could be a better approach in dealing with the change managers. He seems put and as already having structures that is necessary for change. Additionally, his measures are too qualitative to fit in incremental approach to change because; this approach majorly builds on measurable quantitative aspects that become its key limitation. Implications for change managers Change managers in Nestle should have acumen in coming with the approaches that can well meet the needs of nestle. One of the key issues in consideration is the need to ensure longevity and continued existence of Nestle regardless of short operating profits. Another challenge lies with the fact that Nestle is a multinational company that has over 80 factories in different countries. This calls for efficiency and increased productivity. This increased efficiency and productivity should ensure that it doesn’t use measures that are too radical that could plunge Nestle into another financial difficulty. Restructuring process is another possible source of implication for change managers. It is costly ($300 million yearly) and a slow process that requires a lot of patience. Nestle management may have reacted to the need to sustain the longevity of Nestle by identifying factors that threatened its efficiency. For instance dropping out all non-profitable acquisitions as well as concentrating efforts on one line of products, probably dairy products. Change managers should also focus on ensuring that all the 80 factories are productive to avoid a scenario where they are servicing unproductive outlets. Therefore monitoring and evaluation should be done using the yardsticks of long-term goals of the company. In the quest of bringing change and restructuring, they should be careful to avoid strategies that may eat into company’s growth in the long run, as in the case of prior acquisitions. A similar challenge could be easily brought up by overemphasis on technology at the expense of sustainable growth. It is also beneficial for the change managers to come up with restructuring strategies that are less costly Three examples of lessons from the front line of Nestle case and possible solutions Three issues come up from the fr ontline of this study case. One of the major issues is the numerous sub branches of Nestlà © and the impact of aggressive acquisitions and mergers to penetrate foreign markets. Another subject of discussion is the diversification of products as varied as chocolate, milk products, cosmetics and pharmaceutical products. The third aspect is long-term performance or longevity of an organization Vis a Vis the short-term profit performance. Nestle just like many other big organizations used acquisition approach as a vehicle to global expansion and productivity. However, they did not consider the factors behind the deal or the financial position of the subsidiary company. This led to financial problems that saw its bad days kick in just like many other huge deals. Secondly, the need to diversify into many other foreign markets and with new products is likely to cause diseconomies in terms of management and finances. It is important for managers to weigh these implications and put structur es to deal with them before hand. Finally, many organizations and managers tend to overlook the long-term being and prefer high short term profits using very aggressive second-order approaches with great economic implications.

Mercury Facts - Periodic Table of the Elements

Mercury Facts - Periodic Table of the Elements Mercury is the only metallic element that is a liquid at room temperature. This dense metal is atomic number 80 with element symbol Hg. This collection of mercury facts includes atomic data, the electron configuration, chemical and physical properties, and history of the element. Mercury Basic Facts Symbol: HgAtomic Number: 80Atomic Weight: 200.59Element Classification: Transition MetalCAS Number: 7439-97-6Mercury Periodic Table LocationGroup: 12Period: 6Block: d Mercury Electron Configuration Short Form: [Xe]4f145d106s2Long Form: 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p64d105s25p64f145d106s2Shell Structure: 2 8 18 32 18 2 Mercury Discovery Discovery Date: Known to the ancient Hindus and Chinese. Mercury has been found in Egyptian tombs dating to 1500 B.C.Name: Mercury derives its name from the association between the planet Mercury and its use in alchemy. The alchemical symbol for mercury was the same for the metal and the planet. The element symbol, Hg, is derived from the Latin name hydragyrum meaning water silver. Mercury Physical Data State at room temperature (300 K): LiquidAppearance: heavy silvery white metalDensity: 13.546 g/cc (20  °C)Melting Point: 234.32 K (-38.83  °C or -37.894  °F)Boiling Point: 356.62 K (356.62  °C or 629.77  °F)Critical Point: 1750 K at 172 MPaHeat of Fusion: 2.29 kJ/molHeat of Vaporization: 59.11 kJ/molMolar Heat Capacity: 27.983 J/mol ·KSpecific Heat: 0.138 J/g ·K (at 20  °C) Mercury Atomic Data Oxidation States: 2 , 1Electronegativity: 2.00Electron Affinity: not stableAtomic Radius: 1.32 Ã…Atomic Volume: 14.8 cc/molIonic Radius: 1.10 Ã… (2e) 1.27 Ã… (1e)Covalent Radius: 1.32 Ã…Van der Waals Radius: 1.55 Ã…First Ionization Energy: 1007.065 kJ/molSecond Ionization Energy: 1809.755 kJ/molThird Ionization Energy: 3299.796 kJ/mol Mercury Nuclear Data Number of isotopes: There are 7 naturally occurring isotopes of mercury..Isotopes and % abundance: 196Hg (0.15), 198Hg (9.97), 199Hg (198.968), 200Hg (23.1), 201Hg (13.18), 202Hg (29.86) and 204Hg (6.87) Mercury Crystal Data Lattice Structure: RhombohedralLattice Constant: 2.990 Ã…Debye Temperature: 100.00 K Mercury Uses Mercury is amalgamated with gold to facilitate the recovery of gold from its ores. Mercury is used to make thermometers, diffusion pumps, barometers, mercury vapor lamps, mercury switches, pesticides, batteries, dental preparations, antifouling paints, pigments, and catalysts. Many of the salts and organic mercury compounds are important. Miscellaneous Mercury Facts Mercury compounds with the 2 oxidation states are known as mercuric in older texts. Example: HgCl2 was known as mercuric chloride.Mercury compounds with the 1 oxidation state are known as mercurous in older texts. Example: Hg2Cl2 was known as mercurous chloride.Mercury is rarely found free in nature. Mercury is harvested from cinnabar (mercury(I) sulfide - HgS). It is extracted by heating the ore and collecting the mercury vapor produced.Mercury is also known by the name quicksilver.Mercury is one of the few elements that is liquid at ordinary room temperatures.Mercury and its compounds are highly poisonous. Mercury is readily absorbed across unbroken skin or though the respiratory or gatroinstestinal tract. It acts as a cumulative poison.Mercury is very volatile in air. When room temperature air (20 °C) is saturated with mercury vapor, the concentration greatly exceeds the toxic limit. The concentration, and thus the danger, increases at higher temperatures.Early alchemists believ ed all metals contained varying amounts of mercury. Mercury was used in many experiments to transmute one metal into another. Chinese alchemists believed mercury promoted health and extended life and included it with several medicines.Mercury readily forms alloys with other metals, called amalgams. The term amalgam literally means alloy of mercury in Latin.An electrical discharge will cause mercury to combine with the noble gases argon, krypton, neon, and xenon.Mercury is one of the heavy metals. Many metals have a higher density than mercury, yet are not considered to be heavy metals. This is because heavy metals are both extremely dense and highly toxic. Sources Eisler, R. (2006). Mercury hazards to living organisms. CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-9212-2.Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 0-08-037941-9.Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.Norrby, L.J. (1991). Why is mercury liquid? Or, why do relativistic effects not get into chemistry textbooks?. Journal of Chemical Education. 68 (2): 110. doi:10.1021/ed068p110Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4. Return to the Periodic Table

Sociology research Paper and Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Sociology research Paper and Questions - Essay Example rime, this study proposes to examine whether increasing crime can in fact be attributed to race, or whether there may be other factors that could explain the explosion in crime. People belonging to ethnic minorities had long complained of racial profiling by law enforcement personnel, which is often the cause of feelings of resentment, hurt and an increasing loss of trust in the police among members of racial minorities. But Kleinig and Risse (2007) have discussed racial profiling in the context of the September 11, attacks, and detailed the results of a study that appeared to justify the evils of racial profiling as an efficient law enforcement strategy. The reason was because it was based upon the underlying belief that members of certain groups appear to possess a greater tendency to commit crimes and police can curb crime by adopting harsher measures against members of such minority groups. Based upon the findings of this study, an argument is offered that racial profiling is attributable to pre existing racism, hence profiling only expresses that racism rather than perpetuating it. Another argument offered is that the benefits of profiling and benefits provided by Government to the minorities far outweigh the harmful effects. Huff (2007) reports on an extensive ethnographic study that was carried out among police officers to examine their attitudes towards gang related crimes, their reasons for wanting to be assigned to units fighting against gang related crimes and how gang units are managed. Although this was an exhaustive study utilizing multiple data sources, it was limited by the selection of four primarily southwestern cities with a higher incidence of Hispanics. The study found that officers feel more independent while functioning in gang units but there was also clear evidence of racial profiling against the minorities. Graham and Lowery (2007) examined the problem of racial profiling from another perspective – the working of the criminal justice